/* rawrite.c Write a binary image to a 360K diskette. By Mark Becker Usage: MS-DOS prompt> RAWRITE And follow the prompts. History ------- 1.0 - Initial release 1.1 - Beta test (fixing bugs) 4/5/91 Some BIOS's don't like full-track writes. 1.101 - Last beta release. 4/8/91 Fixed BIOS full-track write by only writing 3 sectors at a time. 1.2 - Final code and documentation clean-ups. 4/9/91 */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define FALSE 0 #define TRUE (!FALSE) #define SECTORSIZE 512 #define RESET 0 #define LAST 1 #define READ 2 #define WRITE 3 #define VERIFY 4 #define FORMAT 5 int done; /* Catch ^C and ^Break. */ int handler(void) { done = TRUE; return(0); } void msg(char (*s)) { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s); _exit(1); } /* Identify the error code with a real error message. */ void Error(int (status)) { switch (status) { case 0x00: msg("Operation Successful"); break; case 0x01: msg("Bad command"); break; case 0x02: msg("Address mark not found"); break; case 0x03: msg("Attempt to write on write-protected disk"); break; case 0x04: msg("Sector not found"); break; case 0x05: msg("Reset failed (hard disk)"); break; case 0x06: msg("Disk changed since last operation"); break; case 0x07: msg("Drive parameter activity failed"); break; case 0x08: msg("DMA overrun"); break; case 0x09: msg("Attempt to DMA across 64K boundary"); break; case 0x0A: msg("Bad sector detected"); break; case 0x0B: msg("Bad track detected"); break; case 0x0C: msg("Unsupported track"); break; case 0x10: msg("Bad CRC/ECC on disk read"); break; case 0x11: msg("CRC/ECC corrected data error"); break; case 0x20: msg("Controller has failed"); break; case 0x40: msg("Seek operation failed"); break; case 0x80: msg("Attachment failed to respond"); break; case 0xAA: msg("Drive not ready (hard disk only"); break; case 0xBB: msg("Undefined error occurred (hard disk only)"); break; case 0xCC: msg("Write fault occurred"); break; case 0xE0: msg("Status error"); break; case 0xFF: msg("Sense operation failed"); break; } _exit(1); } /* Identify what kind of diskette is installed in the specified drive. Return the number of sectors per track assumed as follows: 9 - 360 K and 720 K 5.25". 15 - 1.2 M HD 5.25". 18 - 1.44 M 3.5". */ int nsects(int (drive)) { static int nsect[] = {18, 15, 9}; char *buffer; int i, status; /* Read sector 1, head 0, track 0 to get the BIOS running. */ buffer = (char *)malloc(SECTORSIZE); biosdisk(RESET, drive, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer); status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 10, 1, 1, buffer); if (status == 0x06) /* Door signal change? */ status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, 1, 1, buffer); for (i=0; i < sizeof(nsect)/sizeof(int); ++i) { biosdisk(RESET, drive, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer); status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, nsect[i], 1, buffer); if (status == 0x06) status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, nsect[i], 1, buffer); if (status == 0x00) break; } if (i == sizeof(nsect)/sizeof(int)) { msg("Can't figure out how many sectors/track for this diskette."); } free(buffer); return(nsect[i]); } void main(void) { char fname[MAXPATH]; char *buffer, *pbuf; int count, fdin, drive, head, track, status, spt, buflength, ns; puts("RaWrite 1.2 - Write disk file to raw floppy diskette\n"); ctrlbrk(handler); printf("Enter source file name: "); scanf("%s", fname); _fmode = O_BINARY; if ((fdin = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) <= 0) { perror(fname); exit(1); } printf("Enter destination drive: "); scanf("%s", fname); drive = fname[0]; drive = (islower(drive) ? toupper(drive) : drive) - 'A'; printf("Please insert a formatted diskette into "); printf("drive %c: and press -ENTER- :", drive + 'A'); while (bioskey(1) == 0) ; /* Wait... */ if ((bioskey(0) & 0x7F) == 3) exit(1); /* Check for ^C */ putchar('\n'); done = FALSE; /* * Determine number of sectors per track and allocate buffers. */ spt = nsects(drive); buflength = spt * SECTORSIZE; buffer = (char *)malloc(buflength); printf("Number of sectors per track for this disk is %d\n", spt); printf("Writing image to drive %c:. Press ^C to abort.\n", drive+'A'); /* * Start writing data to diskette until there is no more data to write. */ head = track = 0; while ((count = read(fdin, buffer, buflength)) > 0 && !done) { pbuf = buffer; for (ns = 1; count > 0 && !done; ns+=3) { printf("Track: %02d Head: %2d Sector: %2d\r", track, head, ns); status = biosdisk(WRITE, drive, head, track, ns, 3, pbuf); if (status != 0) Error(status); count -= (3*SECTORSIZE); pbuf += (3*SECTORSIZE); } if ((head = (head + 1) & 1) == 0) ++track; } if (eof(fdin)) { printf("\nDone.\n"); biosdisk(2, drive, 0, 0, 1, 1, buffer); /* Retract head */ } } /* end main */